<\/p>\n
XX \u0259sr Az\u0259rbaycan-t\u00fcrk ictimai fikrinin \u0259n g\u00f6rk\u0259mli n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259si, yaz\u0131\u00e7\u0131, publisist, \u0259d\u0259biyyat t\u0259nqid\u00e7isi \u018fli b\u0259y H\u00fcseynzad\u0259nin bu il anadan olmas\u0131n\u0131n 160 illiyidir. O, 1864-c\u00fc ild\u0259 Salyan b\u00f6lg\u0259sind\u0259 d\u00fcnyaya g\u00f6z a\u00e7\u0131b. Bir \u00e7ox m\u00fcasirl\u0259ri v\u0259 silahda\u015flar\u0131 kimi onun da h\u0259yat\u0131 q\u00fcrb\u0259td\u0259 sona \u00e7at\u0131b. Bu da d\u00f6vr\u00fcn t\u0259zadlar\u0131, XIX \u0259srin sonu – XX \u0259srin \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259rind\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycanda ba\u015f ver\u0259n olaylarla ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. \u018f.H\u00fcseynzad\u0259 1940-c\u0131 il mart\u0131n 17-d\u0259 d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131 \u0130stanbulda d\u0259yi\u015fib.<\/p>\n
\u018fli b\u0259y H\u00fcseyn b\u0259y o\u011flu H\u00fcseynzad\u0259 \u0259sil-n\u0259cab\u0259tli bir ail\u0259nin \u00f6vlad\u0131 idi. Qafqaz \u015eeyx\u00fclislam\u0131 Axund \u018fhm\u0259d S\u0259lyaninin q\u0131z n\u0259v\u0259siydi. \u015eeyx\u00fclislam xalq aras\u0131nda say\u0131l\u0131b-se\u00e7il\u0259n, m\u00fcxt\u0259lif elml\u0259rin mahir bilicisi, eyni zamanda imperiya m\u0259qamlar\u0131nda b\u00f6y\u00fck n\u00fcfuz sahibi idi. O, 1876-c\u0131 ild\u0259 “\u018fkin\u00e7i”d\u0259 \u00e7ap olunmu\u015f m\u0259qal\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 h\u0259m ruhaniyy\u0259t alimi, h\u0259m d\u0259 d\u00fcny\u0259vi elml\u0259rin t\u0259\u0259ss\u00fcbke\u015fi kimi \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015f edirdi. \u0130mperator\u00a0 onu 1881-ci ild\u0259 “III d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259li m\u00fcq\u0259dd\u0259s Vladimir ordeni” il\u0259 t\u0259ltif etmi\u015fdi.<\/p>\n
\u00c7ox erk\u0259n ya\u015flar\u0131nda atas\u0131n\u0131 itir\u0259n \u018fli b\u0259y H\u00fcseynzad\u0259 bel\u0259 kamil, m\u00f6t\u0259b\u0259r bir \u015f\u0259xsiyy\u0259tin himay\u0259si v\u0259 t\u0259rbiy\u0259si alt\u0131nda b\u00f6y\u00fcm\u00fc\u015fd\u00fc. Ail\u0259nin z\u0259ngin olmas\u0131 ona m\u00fck\u0259mm\u0259l t\u0259hsil almaq imkan\u0131 vermi\u015fdi. O, Tiflisd\u0259 Qafqaz M\u00fcs\u0259lmanlar\u0131 Ruhani \u0130dar\u0259sinin n\u0259zdind\u0259ki m\u0259kt\u0259bd\u0259 oxumu\u015f, n\u00f6vb\u0259ti ild\u0259 birinci \u015f\u0259h\u0259r gimnaziyas\u0131nda t\u0259hsil alm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. U\u015faql\u0131q v\u0259 t\u0259l\u0259b\u0259lik ill\u0259rind\u0259 t\u00fcrk, fars, \u0259r\u0259b, alman v\u0259 rus dill\u0259rini \u00f6yr\u0259nmi\u015fdir. Gimnaziyan\u0131 bitir\u0259nd\u0259n sonra 1885-ci ild\u0259 babas\u0131n\u0131n xeyir-duas\u0131 il\u0259 Peterburq \u0130mperatorluq Universitetinin Fizika-riyaziyyat fak\u00fclt\u0259sin\u0259 daxil olmu\u015f v\u0259 bu ali m\u0259kt\u0259bd\u0259 t\u0259hsilini 1889-cu ild\u0259 ba\u015fa \u00e7atd\u0131rm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. O, h\u0259m d\u0259 \u015e\u0259rq fak\u00fclt\u0259sind\u0259 g\u00f6rk\u0259mli professorlar\u0131n m\u00fchazir\u0259l\u0259rini dinl\u0259mi\u015f, d\u00f6vr\u00fcn m\u0259\u015fhur elm xadiml\u0259ri D.Mendeleyev, Y.Vaqner, N.Men\u015futkin, V.Jukovski v\u0259 ba\u015fqalar\u0131ndan d\u0259rs alm\u0131\u015f, imperiyan\u0131n paytaxt\u0131nda ged\u0259n ictimai-siyasi prosesl\u0259rl\u0259 yax\u0131ndan tan\u0131\u015f olmu\u015fdur.<\/p>\n
N\u00f6vb\u0259ti il o, daha bir ali m\u0259kt\u0259bd\u0259 – \u0130stanbul Universitetinin H\u0259rbi tibb fak\u00fclt\u0259sind\u0259 t\u0259hsil alma\u011fa ba\u015flay\u0131r. H\u0259kim diplomu alan \u018f.H\u00fcseynzad\u0259 \u0130stanbulun Heyd\u0259rpa\u015fa x\u0259st\u0259xanas\u0131nda y\u00fczba\u015f\u0131 r\u00fctb\u0259sind\u0259 dermatoloq (d\u0259ri x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259ri h\u0259kimi) kimi f\u0259aliyy\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259rir. Sonra \u0130stanbul Universitetinin D\u0259ri-z\u00f6hr\u0259vi x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259ri kafedras\u0131nda m\u00fcsabiq\u0259 yolu il\u0259 professor k\u00f6m\u0259k\u00e7isi – dosent v\u0259zif\u0259sin\u0259 se\u00e7ilir.<\/p>\n
\u018f.H\u00fcseynzad\u0259 h\u0259l\u0259 Peterburqda t\u0259hsil ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 ill\u0259rd\u0259 siyasi d\u0259rn\u0259kl\u0259rd\u0259 f\u0259al i\u015ftirak edirdi. Sonralar siyasi f\u0259aliyy\u0259tini \u0130stanbul Universitetind\u0259 davam etdirir, t\u0259l\u0259b\u0259 yolda\u015flar\u0131 il\u0259 birlikd\u0259 Sultan \u018fbd\u00fclh\u0259midin rejimin\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 “\u0130ttihad v\u0259 t\u0259r\u0259qqi” partiyas\u0131n\u0131n \u0259sas yarad\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131ndan biri olur. Sultan x\u0259fiyy\u0259l\u0259ri t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n t\u0259qib edil\u0259n \u018fli b\u0259y 1903-c\u00fc ilin \u0259vv\u0259lind\u0259 Bak\u0131ya d\u00f6nm\u0259k m\u0259cburiyy\u0259tind\u0259 qal\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u018fli b\u0259y \u0130stanbuldan qay\u0131td\u0131qdan sonra, h\u0259l\u0259 siyasi prosesl\u0259r\u0259 qo\u015fulmazdan \u0259vv\u0259l Bak\u0131da bir m\u00fcdd\u0259t h\u0259kim i\u015fl\u0259yir, jurnalistika sah\u0259sind\u0259 \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r, “Kaspi” v\u0259 “Baku” q\u0259zetl\u0259ri il\u0259 \u0259m\u0259kda\u015fl\u0131q edir. 1905-ci ilin aprelind\u0259 “\u00dcmumrusiya m\u00fcs\u0259lmanlar\u0131n\u0131n ehtiyaclar\u0131na dair” m\u0259ktubu qraf Vittey\u0259 t\u0259qdim etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn Peterburqa g\u00f6nd\u0259ril\u0259n Rusiyan\u0131n m\u00fcs\u0259lman liderl\u0259rind\u0259n ibar\u0259t 11 n\u0259f\u0259rlik hey\u0259td\u0259 t\u0259msil olunur, Rusiya M\u00fcs\u0259lman \u0130ttifaq\u0131n\u0131n gizli \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f qurultaylar\u0131n\u0131n i\u015find\u0259 i\u015ftirak edir.<\/p>\n
Turan\u00e7\u0131l\u0131q m\u0259fkur\u0259si onun \u00e7ox\u015fax\u0259li f\u0259aliyy\u0259tinin t\u0259m\u0259lind\u0259 dururdu. \u018f.H\u00fcseynzad\u0259 t\u00fcrk xalqlar\u0131n\u0131n milli birliyi, m\u00fcst\u0259qil d\u00f6vl\u0259t\u00e7ilik fikrini ilk d\u0259f\u0259 ir\u0259li s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015f, onun n\u0259z\u0259ri \u0259saslar\u0131n\u0131 i\u015fl\u0259yib haz\u0131rlayaraq g\u00fccl\u00fc ideoloji h\u0259r\u0259kata \u00e7evrilm\u0259sini t\u0259min etmi\u015fdir. 1905-ci ild\u0259 \u018fli b\u0259y “T\u00fcrkl\u0259r kimdir v\u0259 kiml\u0259rd\u0259n ibar\u0259tdir” sual\u0131n\u0131 geni\u015f v\u0259 siyasi m\u00fcst\u0259vid\u0259 qald\u0131rm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. Bundan ba\u015fqa, o, “H\u0259yat” q\u0259zetind\u0259 v\u0259 “F\u00fcyuzat” m\u0259cmu\u0259sind\u0259 d\u0259rc etdirdiyi “T\u00fcrk dilinin v\u0259zifeyi-m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259si”, “M\u0259cnun v\u0259 Leylayi-islam”, “Yaz\u0131m\u0131z, dilimiz”, “\u0130kinci il”, “Siyas\u0259ti-F\u00fcrus\u0259t” m\u0259qal\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 ictimai v\u0259 siyasi f\u0259aliyy\u0259tinin m\u0259qs\u0259d v\u0259 m\u0259ram\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131q \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 \u015f\u0259rh edirdi.<\/p>\n
“F\u00fcyuzat”\u0131n 1907-ci ild\u0259 \u00e7\u0131xan 9-cu say\u0131nda o, Turan\u0131n h\u00fcdudlar\u0131n\u0131 ni\u015fan verirdi: “Tul\u0259n Man\u00e7uriyadan v\u0259 Sibiryan\u0131n \u0259qsayi-\u015f\u0259rq \u015fimal\u0131nda c\u0259r\u0259yan ed\u0259n Lena n\u0259hri sahilind\u0259n ba\u015flay\u0131b, Altay, Qaraqurum, Pamir, Hindiqu\u015f, Qafqaz, Kr\u0131m da\u011flar\u0131ndan ke\u00e7\u0259r\u0259k, Balkan da\u011flar\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fcnt\u0259hayi-q\u0259rbin\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r, \u0259rz\u0259n Ural da\u011flar\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fcnt\u0259hayi-\u015fimal\u0131ndan Afrikan\u0131n s\u0259hrayi-K\u0259birin\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r olan yerl\u0259rd\u0259 sakin bulunan \u0259halinin ismi-\u0259zimi t\u00fcrk dili il\u0259 m\u00fct\u0259k\u0259llim bulunurlar”.<\/p>\n
“M\u0259cnun v\u0259 Leylayi-islam” m\u0259qal\u0259sind\u0259 sa\u011flam Turan imperiyas\u0131 yaratmaq, orada m\u00fcs\u0259lman d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259rinin m\u00f6vqeyini m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259nl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259k m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259si ir\u0259li s\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcrd\u00fc. \u018fli b\u0259y milli c\u0259miyy\u0259t quruculu\u011funda m\u00fcasir insan amilin\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259t verirdi.<\/p>\n
\u018f.H\u00fcseynzad\u0259nin jurnalistik v\u0259 ictimai-siyasi f\u0259aliyy\u0259ti bir v\u0259hd\u0259t t\u0259\u015fkil edirdi.<\/p>\n
Bel\u0259likl\u0259, 1903-1910-cu ill\u0259rd\u0259 \u018fli b\u0259y H\u00fcseynzad\u0259 xalq\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n tarixinin bu \u00f6n\u0259mli d\u00f6vr\u00fcn\u00fcn \u0259sas s\u0259hif\u0259l\u0259rini yazd\u0131. Onun fikirl\u0259ri milli dir\u00e7\u0259li\u015f u\u011frunda m\u00fcbariz\u0259l\u0259rin qida m\u0259nb\u0259yin\u0259 \u00e7evrildi, “t\u00fcrkl\u0259\u015fm\u0259k, islamla\u015fmaq, m\u00fcasirl\u0259\u015fm\u0259k” Az\u0259rbaycan Xalq C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259tinin atributlar\u0131nda realla\u015fd\u0131.<\/p>\n
\u018fli b\u0259y H\u00fcseynzad\u0259 1910-cu ilin sonunda Bak\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259rk edir. Abdulla \u015eaiq yaz\u0131rd\u0131: “\u018fli b\u0259y H\u00fcseynzad\u0259 v\u0259 onun t\u0259r\u0259fdarlar\u0131 Az\u0259rbaycanda \u00f6zl\u0259rin\u0259 yer tapa bilm\u0259dil\u0259r. Yerli qabaqc\u0131l ziyal\u0131lar t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n ciddi m\u00fcqavim\u0259t\u0259 rast g\u0259l\u0259r\u0259k bir-bir T\u00fcrkiy\u0259y\u0259 qay\u0131tma\u011fa ba\u015flad\u0131lar”.<\/p>\n
1911-ci il sentyabr\u0131n 1-d\u0259 “T\u00fcrk yurdu” c\u0259miyy\u0259ti qurulur v\u0259 \u018fli b\u0259y c\u0259miyy\u0259tin qurucular\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda olur. 1912-ci il iyulun 9-da \u0259sl\u0259n \u00e7\u0259rk\u0259z olan zabit \u015e\u0259ms\u0259ddin b\u0259yin q\u0131z\u0131 \u018fdhiy\u0259 xan\u0131mla ail\u0259 h\u0259yat\u0131 qurur.<\/p>\n
1918-ci ilin yay\u0131nda Az\u0259rbaycana s\u0259f\u0259r edir. “Dig\u0259r m\u00fch\u00fcm bir s\u0259f\u0259r d\u0259 \u2026 Federasyondan ayr\u0131l\u0131b ayr\u0131 bir h\u00f6kum\u0259t hal\u0131nda t\u0259\u015f\u0259kk\u00fcl etm\u0259kd\u0259 olan Az\u0259rbaycan C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259tinin paytaxt\u0131 olan G\u0259nc\u0259y\u0259 (Nuru Pa\u015fan\u0131n yan\u0131na) q\u0259d\u0259r getm\u0259yimizd\u0259n ibar\u0259tdir”. Bu bar\u0259d\u0259 \u018fli b\u0259y s\u0259f\u0259rd\u0259n qay\u0131dandan sonra “Hilali-\u018fhm\u0259r” q\u0259zetind\u0259 “Az\u0259rbaycanda d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fckl\u0259rim” m\u0259qal\u0259sind\u0259 yazm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. 1919-1922-ci ill\u0259rd\u0259 T\u00fcrkiy\u0259d\u0259 \u015fidd\u0259tli t\u0259qib edilir. Bu d\u00f6vrd\u0259 iki d\u0259f\u0259 h\u0259bs olunur. 1926-c\u0131 ilin \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259rind\u0259 \u018f.H\u00fcseynzad\u0259 Bak\u0131da ke\u00e7iril\u0259n Birinci T\u00fcrkoloji Qurultayda i\u015ftirak edir.<\/p>\n
1928-ci ild\u0259 \u018fli b\u0259yin f\u0259aliyy\u0259tinin ba\u015fqa – \u0259vv\u0259lkil\u0259rd\u0259n f\u0259rqli bir t\u0259r\u0259fi \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6st\u0259rir. O, alim v\u0259 filosof Adam Smitin “S\u0259rv\u0259ti-mil\u0259l” \u0259s\u0259rini frans\u0131zcadan t\u0259rc\u00fcm\u0259 edir.<\/p>\n
1933-c\u00fc ild\u0259 \u018f.H\u00fcseynzad\u0259 T\u00fcrkiy\u0259nin maarif naziri v\u0259zif\u0259sind\u0259 \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. O, h\u0259mi\u015f\u0259 oldu\u011fu kimi, 30-cu ill\u0259rd\u0259 d\u0259 \u00e7ox\u015fax\u0259li f\u0259aliyy\u0259tini davam etdirirdi. Lakin t\u0259dric\u0259n onun s\u0259hh\u0259tind\u0259 probleml\u0259r yaran\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u018fli b\u0259y H\u00fcseynzad\u0259nin m\u0259tbuatda d\u0259rc olunmu\u015f son yaz\u0131s\u0131 “Af\u0259t qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda \u015fair, alim v\u0259 g\u0259nclik” \u015feiri oldu. \u015eeir \u018frzincanda ba\u015f vermi\u015f z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259y\u0259 v\u0259 Q\u0131z\u0131laya h\u0259sr edilmi\u015fdi. \u015eeir 1940-c\u0131 il yanvar\u0131n 15-d\u0259 “Tan” q\u0259zetind\u0259 d\u0259rc olunmu\u015fdu.<\/p>\n
\u018fli b\u0259y H\u00fcseynzad\u0259 geni\u015f yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131q diapazonuna malik bir alim v\u0259 yaz\u0131\u00e7\u0131 idi. Bununla yana\u015f\u0131, o, bir \u00e7ox sah\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 – tibd\u0259, f\u0259ls\u0259f\u0259d\u0259, tarixd\u0259, siyas\u0259td\u0259, sosiologiyada v\u0259 dig\u0259r sah\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 \u00f6z\u00a0 izini qoya bilmi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u0130rad\u0259 \u018fL\u0130YEVA,<\/p>\n
“Az\u0259rbaycan”<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
XX \u0259sr Az\u0259rbaycan-t\u00fcrk ictimai fikrinin \u0259n g\u00f6rk\u0259mli n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259si, yaz\u0131\u00e7\u0131, publisist, \u0259d\u0259biyyat t\u0259nqid\u00e7isi \u018fli b\u0259y H\u00fcseynzad\u0259nin bu il anadan olmas\u0131n\u0131n 160 illiyidir. O, 1864-c\u00fc ild\u0259 Salyan b\u00f6lg\u0259sind\u0259 d\u00fcnyaya g\u00f6z a\u00e7\u0131b. Bir \u00e7ox m\u00fcasirl\u0259ri v\u0259 silahda\u015flar\u0131 kimi onun da h\u0259yat\u0131 q\u00fcrb\u0259td\u0259 sona \u00e7at\u0131b. Bu da d\u00f6vr\u00fcn t\u0259zadlar\u0131, XIX \u0259srin sonu – XX \u0259srin \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259rind\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycanda ba\u015f […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":703,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[43,46],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-702","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kos","category-mdniyyt"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/imza.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/702","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/imza.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/imza.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/imza.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/imza.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=702"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/imza.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/702\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1718,"href":"https:\/\/imza.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/702\/revisions\/1718"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/imza.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/703"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/imza.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=702"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/imza.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=702"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/imza.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=702"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}